Nikko Ström (1995): "A Speaker Sensitive Artificial Neural Network Architecture for Speaker Adaptation," ATR Technical Report, TR-IT-0116, ATR, Japan.

A Speaker Sensitive Artificial Neural Network Architecture for Speaker Adaptation

Abstract -- The speaker sensitive framework for speaker- adaptation is outlined and exemplified by a speaker sensitive artificial neural network. A technique for automatically extracting the speaker-characteristics space is introduced and evaluated on a vowel- discrimination task. The generated speaker-space is analyzed using analysis-by-synthesis and the shifts in the F1/F2-space are consistent with results from speech production research. The speaker-space is also compared with, and found to be correlated with, the knowledge-based speaker parameters fundamental frequency and spectral tilt.